ABOUT:

• The term “goitre” simply refers to the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.
• The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, just in front of the windpipe (trachea).
• It produces thyroid hormones, which helps to regulate the body's metabolism (the process that turns food into energy).
• A swelling of thyroid gland can further lead to a swelling of the neck or larynx (voice box).
• Goitre is also known as Iodine deficiency disorder as Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of prevalence of goitre.
• It is estimated that more than 1.5 billion people in the world are at risk from iodine deficiency disorders out of which about 200 million people reside in India.
• Types of goitre:There are two different types of goitre:
1. Diffuse small goitre, where entire thyroid gland enlarges to a larger size and feels smooth to the touch
2. Nodular goitre, where certain sections, or "nodules", of thyroid gland enlarge and feel lumpy to the touch

SYMPTOMS:

• Hyperthyroidism:
1. Weight loss
2. Increased appetite
3. Heat intolerance.

• Hypothyroidism:
1. Weight gain
2. Constipation
3. Cold intolerance
4. Fatigue
5. Dry and scaly skin

TREATMENT:

• hormone therapy.
• Thionamide drugs
• Radioactive Iodine
• Iodine supplements
• Surgery.